BASIC IDENTITIES IN
ALGEBRA
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This is a tutorial on Basic Algebraic Identities. It will serve as a good
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IDENTITY No: 1
(a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
Expand the
following using the above identity
(i) (a + 3)2
(ii) ( P + 1)2
(iii) ( ½ + y)2
(iv) (xy +
7)2
(v) ( x +
2y)2
(vi) ( 3a + 2b)2
(vii) (7k +
2)2
(viii) (a2
+ 4)2
(ix) (5a2
+ 2b2)2
(x) (3x +
4wyz)2
(xi)(3a + ½)2
(xii) (2a + 3b/c)2
(xiii) (¼ p
+ ½ q)2
(xiv) (2x3
+ 4yz)2
(xv) ( 1 + 5x3y)2
IDENTITY No: 2
(a - b)2 = a2
+ b2 - 2ab
Expand the
following using the above identity:
1.(i) (p –
y)2
(ii) ( m – 9)2
(iii) (10 – 8m)2
(iv) (5a – 2y)2
(v) ( k – ¾ )2
(vi) (xy – 2z)2
(vii) (c2 – 4bc)2
(viii) (a2 – b2)2
(ix) (4a3b - 2)2
(x) (1.1m - 7)2
(2) Simplify : (2x + 5)2 + (2x - 5)2
(3) Simplify: (ab - bc)2 + 2ab2c
(4) Simplify
: (0.4p - 0.5q)2
(5) Show
that (3x + 7)2 - 84x = (3x - 7)2
(6) Show
that (4pq + 3q)2 - (4pq -
3q)2 = 48pq2
IDENTITY No: 3
(a + b)(a - b) = a2
- b2
Simplify the
following using the above identity:
1 (i) ( m +
3)( m - 3)
(ii) (7y + 1)(7y - 1)
(iii) (2ab + c)(2ab - c)
(iv) ( 3z + ½ )(3z – ½)
(v) ( 5 + 4k)(5 - 4k)
(vi) ( 3z2 + w)(3z2 - w)
(vii) (y3 - 2.5)(y3 + 2.5)
(viii)(2a3b2 - 5)(2a3b2
+ 5)
(ix) (a/b + b/c)(a/b - b/c)
(x) (3abc + 0.7)(3abc - 0.7)
(2)
Simplify:
(i) (a + b)(a - b)(a2 + b2)
(ii) (1
+ 2a)(1- 2a)(1 + 4a2)(1 + 16a2)
(iii) (3a + 2b)(3a - 2b) - (3b - a)(3b + a)
(3) Prove that (a - b)(a + b) + (b - c)(b + c) +
(c +a )(c - a) = 0
IDENTITY No: 4
(x + a)(x + b) = x2+
(a+b)x + ab
Simplify
the following using the above identity:
(i) (b + 5)(b + 2)
(ii) (k + 13)(K + 5)
(iii) (y2
+ 6)(y2 + 5)
(iv) (3x + 5)(3x
+ 7)
(v) (x + 7 )( x - 3)
(vi) (ab +
7c)(ab - 3c)
(vii) (3x +
5y) (2x + y)
(viii) (7x2
+ 3y)(7x2 – 2y)
(ix) (2x3
+ ¾ )(2x3 +1/4)
(x) (5pqr + 5s)(5pqr - 11s)
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